Question: Carol is shorter than Juan, but she is taller than Ed. Sandra is shorter than Juan, and she is shorter than Ed. Wallie is taller than Sandra, but shorter than Juan.
If the statements above are true, one can validly conclude that Bill is shorter than Carol if it is true that
(A) Carol is equal in height to Wallie
(B) Wallie is equal in height to Bill
(C) Bill is taller than Sandra, but shorter than Wallie
(D) Bill is shorter than Juan, but taller than Ed
(E) Wallie is taller than Bill, but shorter than Ed
“Carol is Shorter Than Juan, But She is Taller than Ed. ” – is a GMAT Critical Reasoning question. This particular GMAT Critical Reasoning topic has been taken from the book ‘GMAT Official Guide Verbal Review, 2016 Edition’. This weakens the argument type of the GMAT CR question. To answer the question, a candidate can either find a piece of evidence that would weaken the argument or have logical flaws in the argument. GMAT critical reasoning tests the logical and analytical skills of the candidates. The GMAT CR section contains 10 -13 GMAT critical reasoning questions out of 36 GMAT verbal questions.
Answer: E
Explanation: This is a GMAT critical reasoning question. An assumption is an implied hypothesis. So we are looking for something that is implied in the argument. In case it is wrong or maybe disable the argument.
The statement given is:
Carol is shorter than Juan, but she is taller than Ed. Sandra is shorter than Juan, and she is shorter than Ed. Wallie is taller than Sandra, but shorter than Juan.
Let's arrange these people in ascending height order. First off, Carol is taller than Ed but shorter than Juan, so:
Ed, Carol, Juan
Sandra is said to be shorter than Juan and Ed, but as Ed is already the shortest, Sandra is now the new shortest:
Sandra, Ed, Carol, Juan
"Wallie is taller than Sandra, but shorter than Juan." Therefore, Wallie may go in any order other than first or last. If Bill is shorter than Carol, that would be what we want to know.
Lets evaluate our options now
(A) Carol is equal in height to Wallie
Incorrect - This option states nothing specific about Bill, so Bill might be any height.
(B) Wallie is equal in height to Bill
Incorrect - Wallie could be Carol's equal in height or shorter. Therefore, if Bill equals Wallie, we are unsure about Bill's height in relation to Carol.
(C) Bill is taller than Sandra, but shorter than Wallie
Incorrect - Not much can be said about being taller than Sandra. Bill may also be shorter or taller than Carol, just as Wallie might be either shorter or taller.
(D) Bill is shorter than Juan, but taller than Ed
Incorrect - Being smaller than Juan doesn't really help. Bill may be taller than Ed, but less than Carol, or he may be taller than Carol, but less than Juan. No one will ever know.
(E) Wallie is taller than Bill, but shorter than Ed
Correct - Wally is shorter than Carol if Wally is shorter than Ed. Bill is undoubtedly shorter than Carol if Wallie is shorter than him.
The answer is E.
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