A Number Exceeds 20% of Itself by 40 GMAT Problem Solving

Question: A number exceeds 20% of itself by 40. The number is:

1. 50
2. 60
3. 80
4. 320
5. 360

Correct Answer: A

Solution and Explanation:
Approach Solution 1:
Given to us in the question, a number exceeds 20% of itself by 40.
It is asked in the question to find out the number.
A number exceeds 20% of itself by 40 means that a number is 40 greater than the 20% of itself
Let the number be x.
20% of x will be = 20/100 * x = 1/5x
Now the number is 40 greater than the 20% of it
x - x/5 = 40
(5x-x)/5 = 40
4x / 5 = 40
x = 40 * 5/4 = 10 * 5 = 50
The number is 50.

Approach Solution 2:
The problem statement states that:
Given:

• A number exceeds 20% of itself by 40.

Asked:

• To find out the number.

We can solve the question with a quicker and easier approach. Let’s analyse the options given.
Let’s take option A i.e 50.
20% of 50 = 20/100 * 50 = 20 * ½ = 10
10 is 40 less than the actual number which is 50.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.

Approach Solution 3:
The problem statement informs that:
Given:

• A number exceeds 20% of itself by 40.

Asked:

• To find out the number.

Let the required number be N.
As per the question, we can say:
=>N - 20% of N = 40
=> N - 20N/100 = 400
=> 5N - N = 200
∴ N = 50
Hence, the number is 50.

“A number exceeds 20% of itself by 40”- is a topic of the GMAT Quantitative reasoning section of the GMAT exam. This topic has been taken from the book “501 GMAT Questions”. The GMAT Problem Solving questions improve the candidates’ skills in solving numerical problems. The candidates can analyse GMAT Quant practice papers to improve their calculative knowledge and skill.

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